Economic-Theory Glossary - ITAKOモンゴル語辞書

マクロ経済 Макро эдийн засаг 145 ミクロ経済 Микро эдийн засаг 145 貿易 Худалдаа 96 財政・金融政策 Төсөв, мөнгөний бодлого 40 労働・生産要素 Хөдөлмөр, үйлдвэрлэл 25 学説・理論 Онол, сургууль 21 その他 Бусад нэр томьёо 94

マクロ経済 Макро эдийн засаг 145

Dutch disease

Keynesian economics

industrialization

Types of unemployment

Unemployment

Asian financial crisis

Involuntary unemployment

Informal economy

ハイパーインフレーション

Hyperinflation

underground economy; shadow economy

Digital economy

Economic internal perspective

gross domestic product; GDP

net domestic product; NDP

middle income trap

世界金融危機 (GFC)

Global Financial Crisis (GFC)

Behavioral economics

コストプッシュ・インフレ

Cost-push inflation

Economic functions of Government

non-market output

non-market producer

non-market production

market output

market conditions; market situation

Market economy

Legal foundations of a market economy

market producer

market production

Command economy

Coincident indicator

インフレ非加速失業率 (NAIRU)

Nairu (Non-Accelerating Inflation Rate of Unemployment)

Inflation expectations

インフレ期待のアンカリング

Anchoring of the inflation expectation

Causes of inflation

rationed goods

Macroeconomics

Macroeconomic policies

Macroeconomic equilibrium

Macroeconomic indicators

Microeconomics

knowledge economy

Non-monetary incentive

cyclical fluctuation

Neuroeconomics

supply disruption; supply stoppage

Aggregate supply

total economy

Aggregate demand

全要素生産性 (TFP)

TFP: total factor productivity

hidden production

over-dependence on a single industry

Per Capital Gross Domestic Product (GDP)

名目国内総生産 (GDP)

Nominal Gross Domestic Product (GDP)

Gini coefficient

unequal distribution of income

Potential gross domestic product (GDP)

Shadow economy

Experimental economics

full stop; complete shutdown; zero growth

Planned economic system

Traditional economy

national economy

Care economy

reducing dependency; de-risking

Shared consumption

Share economy

Lagging indicators

to privatize; to transfer to private ownership

Consumption expenditures

Consumption function

domestic self-sufficiency

overproduction

food self-sufficiency rate

food security

inclusive economy

Transitional economy

New classical economics

economic contraction; economic shrinkage

economic recovery

economic reopening

economic diversification

Economic loss

Economic earnings

Economic security

Noneconomic good

Noneconomic incentive

economic governance

Economically inactive

Economic institution

rapid economic growth; high economic growth

special economic zone (SEZ)

Economic rent

economic reform

Economic well-being

Economic system

経済の立て直し、経済再建

economic reconstruction; economic rebuilding

Economic way of thinking

key industry; pillar industry

Economic equity

Leading economic indicators

Leading economic indicators

Recessionary gap

Economic incentives

economic sanctions

Economic wants

Inclusive economic growth

Economic development

Special Economic Zone

business cycle; economic conditions

Economic freedom

economic activity

economic production

economic benefit

economic imbalance

Economic growth

economic slowdown

economic growth forecast

deceleration of economic growth

Endogenous growth theory

Intensive growth

Demand-pull inflation

gross domestic product by expenditure approach

poverty line

overproduction; production surplus

gross domestic product by production approach

industrial cluster

basic/national wealth

Gross national product(GNP)

gross national income; GNI

net national income; NNI

domestic industry; national industry

ミクロ経済 Микро эдийн засаг 145

Veblen goods

失ったチャンス、機会損失

opportunity cost; lost opportunity

Opportunity costs

cost of living

Diminishing marginal utility

限界物的生産物 (MPP)

Marginal physical product (MPP)

Law of diminishing marginal returns

限界収益生産物 (MRP)

Marginal revenue product (MRP)

Marginal cost

Marginal revenue (MR)

限界貯蓄性向 (MPS)

Marginal propensity to save (MPS)

Marginal utility

限界消費性向 (MPC)

Marginal propensity to consume (MPC)

Marginal analysis

Marginal benefit

Profit maximization

Profit motive

Giffen goods

グローバル・バリュー・チェーン

Global Value chain

Windfall gain or windfall profit

Transaction cost

Implicit price deflator

Implicit cost

latent demand; potential demand

to dominate; oligopoly; monopolistic dominance

Inferior good

Average revenue (AR)

平均固定費用 (AFC)

Average fixed cost (AFC)

平均可変費用 (AVC)

Average variable cost (AVC)

expense; expenditure; cost

Government revenues

Market failures

Market structure

Non-clearing markets

Equilibrium price, Market-clearing price

artificial scarcity tactic; manufactured shortage

Loanable funds market

natural monopoly

Monopolistic competition

Knightian uncertainty

Determinants of supply

Supply-side fiscal policy

Law of supply

Supply shock

Price elasticity of supply

Total cost (TC)

Total revenue (TR)

Public goods

to add value; to incorporate added value

Perfectly inelastic supply

Perfectly inelastic demand

Median income

Redistribution of income

Income effect

Income inequality

Functional distribution of income

Distribution of income

Circular flow /Circular flow of income /

Substitute goods and services

Rent seeking

負の外部性、スピルオーバーコスト

Negative externality, Spillover cost

Disposable income

Equilibrium quantity

Imperfect competition

Perfectly elastic supply

Perfectly elastic demand

Perfect competition

Balance of payments surplus

Budget surplus

Durable goods

Current account

Consumer surplus

Relative price

Complementary goods and services, Complements

Distribution

Allocative efficiency

Private good

Variable costs (VC)

Trade surplus

purchaser's price

purchasing power

Normal profit

Transaction costs

Transactions motive

Consumer surplus

oversupply; excess supply

Labor market

economically significant price

採算が合わない、経済的メリットがない

economically unviable; not cost-effective

正の外部性、スピルオーバー便益

Positive externality, Spillover benefit

Risk aversion

Risk seeking

risk neutral

Risk-seeking

Risk neutrality

Risk-indifferent

Risk aversion

supply and demand balance

demand; need

Determinants of demand

to meet demand

Demand curve

Elasticity of demand

Income elasticity of demand

Cross-price elasticity of demand

Law of demand

Quantity demanded

Demand shock

Price elasticity of demand

Producer surplus

producer price

Costs of production

Productive efficiency

Non-price determinants

Non-price competition

Price leadership

Price ceiling

Price stability

Price discrimination

price surge; sharp price increase

to pass cost on to the price; price markup

efficiency declines

improve efficiency

Derived demand

貿易 Худалдаа 96

Customs Tariff Act

Central Customs Laboratory

shipping documents

packing list

customs cargo inspection

preliminary declaration

commodity classification

certificate of origin

other related laws

customs officer

senior customs examiner

customs document examination

関税その他の税の賦課徴収

assessment and collection of customs and other taxes

customs airport

customs procedures

customs clearance regulations

customs service fees

licensed customs specialist

customs road

customs broker

customs declaration

customs tariff

tariff autonomy

tariff revision

tariff negotiations

tariff reduction

tariff increase

concession schedule

tariff concession

mutual tariff elimination

customs policy

expedited customs clearance

customs examiner

freight forwarder

customs clearance

import permit

customs personnel inspector

customs control

to conduct customs inspection

customs control zone

customs inspection

duty-free trade

trade statistics

inland customs office

insurance certificate

Globalization

tariff equivalent

グローバル・インバランス

Global imbalances

世界貿易機関 (WTO)

World Trade Organization (WTO)

customary law

customary law

customs clearance by order

Trade-offs among goals

import substitution

import substitution goods

import license

anti-monopoly law

monetary obligation

declaration of death

protectionism

tariff quota system

non-tariff barriers

regulated goods

tariff barriers

technical documentation

Balance of payments deficit

red line, green line

Comparative advantage

border customs office

border quarantine

prohibited and restricted goods

trade friction

Balance of trade

Trade agreement

confiscated goods

to be confiscated

preferential duty

immigration control

export permit

detector dog

most favored nation treatment

competitiveness index

財政・金融政策 Төсөв, мөнгөний бодлого 40

Employment rate

Real rate of interest

policy effect; policy impact

External Debt

Government failures

Sovereign debt

Government expenditures, Government spending

Government social benefits

Role of Government

Government debt

inflation control; inflation containment

inflation target

handout (to the public); populist distribution

供給インフレ、コストプッシュインフレ

cost-push inflation

Nominal interest rate

Special interest group

core inflation

Balanced budget

Expansionary fiscal policy

fiscal consolidation; fiscal rehabilitation

Budget deficit

fiscal policy

fiscal support; budgetary support

budget revenue

fiscal reform

fiscal discipline

budget revision

budget balance

budget proposal; draft budget

Contractionary fiscal policy

fiscal austerity

to include in the budget; to budget for

to be deposited to the national treasury

fiscal deficit; budget deficit

Interest rate parity

economic stimulus measure

economic stimulus; economic leverage

労働・生産要素 Хөдөлмөр, үйлдвэрлэл 25

Authoritarian capitalism

work; job; occupation

Informal sector

貧困ライン以下の顧客の割合 (%)

Percentage of clients below poverty line (%)

Natural resources, land

Discouraged workers

Capital resources

Personal resources

Division of labor

Capital controls

Wages per hour

economically active population

Productive resources

Production possibilities frontier

Factors of production

学説・理論 Онол, сургууль 21

Keynesian theory

Austrian school

他者を搾取せず全体として平等に豊かになる

to become collectively prosperous without exploiting others

invisible hand

Adaptive expectations

Rational expectations

Rational expectations theory

Conflict theory

Big push theory

new form of capitalism

liberalization

Rational Choice Theory

Lagged effect

Secondary effects

clinical economics

Paradox of thrift

New Keynesians

economic rent

Multiplier effect

その他 Бусад нэр томьёо 94

Gini coefficient

Deindustrialization

Letter of application

Average number personnel

Gold standard

First city bias

grant; subsidy

Currency in circulation

Demonetization

Deterministic scenario

General equilbrium

Gender equality

Barriers to entry

Deregulation

Homogeneous products

Street vendors

Businesses and households

Laissez faire

material wealth

Asymmetric information

Neoliberalism

Deadweight loss

social resources; societal wealth

Social security

Public-choice analysis

Communities and cities

Quantity supplied

Nonexclusion

Tragedy of the commons

Financial account

Impulse buying

Adverse selection

Technological changes

Concentration ratio

Unintended consequences

Specialization

Quantitative easing (QE)

Disincentive

Interdependence

Crowding-out

Private property

Trading partner

Purchasing power parity

Legal tender

Liquidity preference

Transfer payment

Analysis paralysis

to develop equally

Indifference curve

Invisible hand

Absolute advantage

Economizing behavior

Heterogeneous products

🏠 Anagura Sites

カテゴリー

📚 用語集・索引

マクロ経済 Макро эдийн засаг 145

Голланд өвчин

Кейнсийн эдийн засаг

аж үйлдвэржилт

ажилгүйдлийн төрөл

ажилгүйдэл

азийн санхүүгийн хямрал

албадан ажилгүйдэл

албан бус эдийн засаг

бодит ДНО

гиг- эдийн засаг

гиперинфляц

далд эдийн засаг

дефляци

дижитал эдийн засаг

дотоод эдийн засгийн төлөв

дотоодын нийт бүтээгдэхүүн

дотоодын цэвэр бүтээгдэхүүн

дунд орлогын хавх

дэлхийн санхүүгийн хямрал

зан төлөвийн эдийн засаг

зардлаас үүдэлтэй инфляц

засгийн газрын эдийн засгийн чиг үүрэг

зах зээлийн бус бүтээгдэхүүн

зах зээлийн бус үйлдвэрлэгч

зах зээлийн бус үйлдвэрлэл

зах зээлийн бүтээгдэхүүн

зах зээлийн төлөв байдал

зах зээлийн эдийн засаг

зах зээлийн эдийн засгийн хууль эрх зүйн үндэс

зах зээлийн үйлдвэрлэгч

зах зээлийн үйлдвэрлэл

захиргаадалтын эдийн засаг

зэрэгцэх үзүүлэлт

инфляц

инфляцыг хурдасгахгүй ажилгүйдлийн түвшин / инфляцад дарамтгүй ажилгүйдлийн түвшин

инфляцын хүлээлт

инфляцын хүлээлтийн аргамжаа

инфляцын шалтгаан

картын бараа

макро эдийн засаг

макро эдийн засгийн бодлого

макро эдийн засгийн тэнцвэр

макро эдийн засгийн үзүүлэлтүүд

микро эдийн засаг

мэдлэгийн эдийн засаг

мөнгө

мөнгөн бус хөшүүрэг

мөчлөг дагасан савлагаа

нейро экономикс

нийлүүлэлтийн тасалдал

нийт нийлүүлэлт

нийт эдийн засаг

нийт эрэлт

нийт үйлдвэрлэлийн бүтээмж

ногоон ДНБ

нуугдмал үйлдвэрлэл

нэг салбараас хэт хамааралтай байдал

нэг хүнд ногдох ДНБ

нэрлэсэн ДНБ

орлогын тэгш бус байдлын илтгэлцүүр /Жини коеффициент/

орлогын тэгш бус хуваарилалт

потенциал дотоодын нийт бүтээгдэхүүн (ДНБ)

стагфляц

супер цикл

сүүдрийн эдийн засаг

туршилтын эдийн засаг

тэг зогсолт хийх

төвлөрсөн төлөвлөгөөт систем

уламжлалт эдийн засаг

улс ардын аж ахуй

халамжийн эдийн засаг

халуун мөнгө

хамааралтай байдлаа бууруулах

хамтын хэрэглээ

хамтын хэрэглээний эдийн засаг

хоцрох үзүүлэлтүүд